نوع مقاله : مقاله پژوهشی
نویسنده
استادیار، گروه آموزش علوم تربیتی، دانشگاه فرهنگیان، تهران، ایران
چکیده
کلیدواژهها
موضوعات
عنوان مقاله [English]
نویسنده [English]
The theory of iʿtibārīyāt (conventional entities) has generally been regarded as an epistemological perspective aimed at explaining the content of performative and moral concepts and propositions, which argues that conventional cognitions lack referents. One of the foundational principles of this theory is that “conventional entities are grounded in realities.” This raises the question: What are these realities? Addressing this question requires an ontological perspective and formulation of the theory. According to the definition, convention (iʿtibār) consists in “ascribing the limit of one thing to another.” In an ontological account, existents are divided into real existents and conventional existents. To analyze this division, six elements are identified as essential to convention (iʿtibār), understood as an act. It is demonstrated that the realities referred to by ʿAllāmah Ṭabāṭabāʾī as the “real basis of convention” fall into three categories: (1) a reality that serves as the “origin of convention,” whose limit is ascribed to another thing; (2) an entity that, while having its own limit, serves as the “subject of convention” and receives the attributed limit; and (3) the resemblance or relation between the origin and the subject of convention that justifies the attribution of the original limit to the other, namely the “aspect of convention.” According to this analysis, the “conventional existent,” as the product of convention (iʿtibār), is a composite reality consisting of existence and a limit attributed by convention. In this article, by adopting the interpretation of quiddity (māhiyyah) as the “limit of existence” realized in the mind of the investigator, a coherent account of epistemological and ethical realism is presented.
کلیدواژهها [English]
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